Retinal Tears and Detachments
What is it?
The retina is a thin layer of light-sensitive nerve fibers and cells that covers the inside of the back of the eyeball. In order for you to see, light must pass through the lens of the eye and focus on the retina. The retina acts like a camera. It takes a “picture” and transmits the image through the optic nerve to the brain.
Vitreous fluid, the gel-like material that fills the eyeball, is attached to the retina around the back of the eye. If the vitreous changes shape, it may pull away a piece of the retina with it, leaving a tear. Once there is a tear, vitreous fluid can seep between the retina and the back wall of the eye, causing the retina to pull away or detach.
What are the Symptoms of a Retinal Detachment?
If part of the retina detaches, it will not function properly. It may produce a blind spot, blurred vision or shadowy lines. Some have described effect as a curtain closing over the eye. Other symptoms may include suddenly seeing many floaters (spots) or flashes of light. While floaters are a natural part of aging and are not always a sign of a detached their sudden onset, number and frequency indicate a need to check retinal detachment. In any case, if you suspect a problem, it is important that you see an eye doctor right away. Your doctor needs to act quickly to try to repair the damage and prevent permanent vision loss.
Who is at Risk for Retinal Tears and Detachments?
As you age, the vitreous fluid shrinks. This is a normal process that usually does not cause retinal damage. However, inflammation or myopia (nearsightedness) may cause the vitreous to pull away and can lead to a detached retina. You are at increased risk if:
- You have had eye surgery
- You have suffered an eye injury
- Your family has a history of retinal problems
- You have diabetes
What Can Be Done to Prevent Retinal Tears and Detachments?
- Know the warning signs.
- If you experience any of the warning signs, seek immediate eye care.
- If you are very nearsighted, have regular, dilated eye exams.
- If you have a family history of retinal problems, have regular, dilated eye exams.
- Have your eye doctor examine your eye after any serious eye injury.
- Always wear safety eyewear during sports and other hazardous activities.